Piracy and different aspect of piracy clause in the Charter Party Essay

Robbery and distinctive part of theft proviso in the Charter Party contract - Essay Example Revealed instances of these terroristic exercises stumble into the globe. From the shores of Africa and South Asia to the waters of North and Latin Americas, robbery stays one of the basic worries of most countries and still present an extraordinary peril and instability to voyagers, particularly those occupied with business. The universally perceived administering body for issues identifying with the lawfulness of the ocean, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea characterized robbery as the illicit demonstrations of brutality submitted towards the group or travelers of a private boat (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982). These demonstrations incorporate however not restricted to boarding, blackmail, prisoner taking, hijack for-payoff, theft and murder. This irrefutable hazard incited a specific activity, for both boat proprietors and dealers to make a protection inclusion that would promise them true serenity and at last, assurance. â€Å"Attack by privateers or any endeavor of burglary is secured by this strategy that works around the gravity of harm to the abused party† (Global Marine Practice, 2010). This understanding is bought in the sanction party, as a statement explicit about robbery. A composed agreement will be entered upon by both the boat proprietor and the shipper (charterer) connoting their pledge to obligation when robbery happens. Hypothetically, be that as it may, contract provisions on robbery are commonly fixated on forestalling and limiting the dangers that boats may experience when adrift. The Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO), the incredibly famous delivery association, organized two generally acknowledged valuable sanction conditions concerning robbery: the War Risks Clause for Voyage Chartering of 2004 or basically, the VoyWar 2004 and the Piracy Clause for Time Charter Parties of 2009. These overseeing rules are the ones executed in practically all individuals from the transportation business. The War Risks Clause for

Aluminum vs Aluminium Element Names

Aluminum versus Aluminum Element Names Aluminum and aluminum are two names for component 13 on the intermittent table. In the two cases, the component image is Al, in spite of the fact that Americans and Canadians spell and articulate the name aluminum, while the British (and the greater part of the remainder of the world) utilize the spelling and way to express aluminum. Birthplace of Two Names The birthplace of the two names might be owing to components pioneer, Sir Humphry Davy, Websters Dictionary, or the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). In 1808, Sir Humphry Davy distinguished the presence of the metal in alum, which he from the start named alumium and later aluminum. Davy proposed the name aluminum when alluding to the component in his 1812 book Elements of Chemical Philosophy, in spite of his past utilization of alumium. The authority nameâ aluminium was embraced to accommodate with the - ium names of most different components. The 1828 Websters Dictionary utilized the aluminum spelling, which it kept up in later versions. In 1925, the American Chemical Society (ACS) chose to go from aluminum back to the first aluminum, placing the United States in the aluminum gathering. As of late, the IUPAC had distinguished aluminum as the correct spelling, yet it didnt get on in North America, since the ACS utilized aluminum. The IUPAC periodic table by and by records the two spellings and says the two words are impeccably acceptable.â History of the Element Guyton de Morveau (1761) called alum, a base which had been known to the old Greeks and Romans, by the name alumine. Davy recognized the presence of aluminum, yet he didnt disengage the component. Friedrich Wã ¶hler secluded aluminum in 1827 by blending anhydrous aluminum chloride in with potassium. All things considered, however, the metal was created two years sooner, however in sullied structure, by the Danish physicist and scientist Hans Christian Ørsted. Contingent upon your source, the revelation of aluminum is credited to either Ørsted or Wã ¶hler. The individual who finds a component gets the benefit of naming it; be that as it may, with this component, the personality of the pioneer is as contested as the name. Right Spelling The IUPAC has decided either spelling is right and satisfactory. Be that as it may, the acknowledged spelling in North America is aluminum, while the acknowledged spelling pretty much wherever else is aluminum.

The History of Nestlé

The History of Nestlé FOUNDATION OF NESTLÉIn 1866, the first condensed milk factory in Europe opened in Cham, Switzerland. The company was called the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company. The factory was owned by two American men, brothers Charles and George Page. They had see the growth of condensed milk in the United States and wanted to manufacture milk near to a large, quality source. Switzerland produced a large amount of high-quality fresh milk and had been the center of production for many milk based products since the early 19th century. The business owners created their milk products in Switzerland, but it was always intended for the English market. They opened a British factory in England in 1873.Henri Nestlé, the companys founder, worked as an assistant to a local pharmacist early in his career. He was trained in science and chemistry. Henri was an innovator by nature, and he experimented with everything from food to cement. In 1867, Henri Nestlé produced a nutritious combination of milk, whea t, and sugar. This cereal was so nutritious that it saved the life of a child. He called it Farine lactee. The product took off, and he began producing his baby food on a large scale. He started out buying the milk he needed to make the Farine lactee fresh each morning. By 1869, this method was no longer practical, and he began to purchase his milk supply from a collection center to have it delivered to his factory. Nestlé s business acumen combined with his quality products resulted in an impressive growth of his business. By 1875, only 8 years after his initial launch, Nestlé products could be found across the globe in countries like Indonesia, Argentina, Egypt and even the United States.The first Nestlé logo was created in 1868 and Henri Nestlé based it upon his familys coat of arms. Henri had immigrated to Switzerland from Germany. The first logo was a play on his family name, Nestlé, which means nest in the German language. The first logo included his familial origins by i ncorporating a nest and adding young birds being fed to link the logo to his baby food products. The logo has been reimagined and simplified over the years, but it has retained the same basic structure that Henri Nestlé developed in 1868.Throughout the last decades of the 19th century, the two Swiss companies, Nestlé and the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company had become incredibly competitive. In 1905, Nestlé merged with Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company.WAR TIMEThe First World War brought serious disruption to economies and businesses all across Europe. Switzerland remained neutral, though armed, during the First World War. Even though they did not take part in the fighting, their economy was still substantially affected by the German loss and the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Switzerland suffered a severe economic crisis caused by a decrease in energy consumption during the First World War.Many industries in Europe were severely disrupted between 1914 and 1918. Even though Switzerland was not involved in the hostilities, it was difficult for Nestlé to find the goods needed to continue manufacturing as they had before. Distribution was also difficult because the entire continent was at war. Nestlé depended on fresh milk for many of its early products, and there were shortages of milk and almost every other fresh product during this period. Like many manufacturers, Nestlé sold most of their supplies in order to help support the needs of the surrounding towns and villages.Some companies, including Nestlé, were able to survive this period of economic hardship because of the large scale fighting. Nestlé acquired several government contracts that required them to expand rapidly. When the war came to an end in 1918, Nestlé had 40 factories across the globe.INTER-WAR HARDSHIPAlthough the global depression began in the 1930s, the period immediately after the world was a time of severe economic hardship in Central Europe. Unemployment soared in Ger many, Poland and Austria while inflation reaches new levels. The economic storm had been brewing since before the war, but loss of the war only exacerbated the situation in most Central European countries.Nestlé was only one of hundreds of companies who felt the force of the economic crash in the 1920s. Despite their difficulties, they were able to make it through this period of financial hardship and short supply. They acquired Calliet, Peter, and the Kohler Swiss Chocolate company in the mid-1920s. It was at this point that chocolate became one of the central focuses of the business. The investment in chocolate would spark innovation and diversification later in the century.Much of the 1920s and 1930s were spent trying to remain afloat during difficult political and economic times. There was little growth or improvement until the year 1938 when Nestlé launched its first coffee product: Nescafé. The birth of Nescafé actually dated back to eight years prior when the Brazilian go vernment offered Nestlé their surplus coffee in the hopes that they might preserve it.The Second World War was looming, and this slowed the growth of what was to become one of Nestlé s most successful products. Ironically, it was the Allied soldiers who acted as the first brand ambassadors of Nescafé. Nestlé quickly reached a worldwide market as they sent tons of their coffee to the frontlines at the behest of the United States government.ANOTHER WAR IN EUROPEBecause of Switzerlands legendary neutrality during the wars of the 20th century, Nestlé s Swiss plants were not requisitioned or repurposed by the Swiss government. This is in stark contrast to the manufacturing and production situation in most of Europe at this time.In 1939, the management of Nestlé was shifted to the United States. Far away from the European front, Nestlé worked tirelessly to maintain the business that they had built both in Europe and around the world.Innovation did not stop during the second world w ar. Nestea was created by Nestlé in the year 1940. The history of tea goes back thousands of years, and the success of iced tea had been well documented since the early 19th century. Nestea was not introduced to America until 1948. For a time, Nestea was a joint venture between Coca-Cola and Nestlé, two of the biggest food and beverage manufacturers and distributors in the world.RECOVERYThe end of World War II was a period of growth and recovery across the world. As political and financial stability returned to Europe, many organizations who had been strong enough to make it through the war grew substantially.The end of the war marked a period of substantial growth for Nestlé as they began to acquire new companies and dozens of new products. One of the biggest acquisitions made was with Maggi, another Swiss company. Maggi was founded around the same time as Nestlé in 1872 by Julius Maggi. Maggi has some of the same initial goals as Nestlé. Julius Maggi wanted to improve the nut rition of working families by bringing them meals that were protein rich while remaining inexpensive. The organization was initially established in 1897 in Singen, a German town on the northern German-Swiss border. In 1947, Maggi went under several changes in leadership and a number of instances of corporate restructuring. Eventually, the holding company responsible for Maggi, Alimentana S.A., merged with Nestlé. Nestlé began manufacturing Maggi products that were sold all over the world. In many parts of Asia, Maggi noodles are synonymous with instant noodles and the brand holds a majority share of the market. Other products include seasoning sauces, bouillon cubes, and dehydrated soups.In 1948, Nestlé introduced America to a product that would live on to become an icon in American culture: Nesquik. Nesquik is a chocolate powder that is mixed with milk to create an instant glass of chocolate milk. The brand also developed and added a strawberry flavor. The Nesquik Bunny, which f irst appeared in 1973, became an advertising hit among adults and children. Today, Nesquik includes two flavors and is available in both powdered form and syrup form.QUIET YEARSWith no major wars in Europe for several decades, all was quiet on the Western front. But not all was quiet in business. In 1974, Nestlé decided to make their first move outside the of the food production industry. Their target was LOreal. LOreal was founded in 1909 and was a world-renowned Parisian company with a flair for hair. The company was founded when Eugene Schueller, a French chemist, created a hair dye that become immensely popular among the hairdressers of Paris. Because of his popularity, he already had an established relationship with his target client and the press when he opened his doors in 1909. Between 1909 and 1974, LOreal expanded from hair dye to innovative hair care. In 1964, LOreal acquired Lancome, a prestigious name in French skincare and cosmetics that was already established throug hout the world. LOreal went under a restructuring the brought the company public in 1963. Through this restructuring, Eugene Schuellers daughter, Liliane Bettencourt, kept her majority stake in the company. In 1974, Nestlé offered Bettencourt a sweet deal. They would accept half of her stock in LOreal in exchange for a 3% stake in Nestlé. Together, Nestlé and the Bettencourt family owned 60% of LOreals shares, and LOreal became the biggest cosmetics company in the world during the 1980s. In 2014, Nestlé and the family reorganized their agreement, and Nestlé sold back some of its shares in LOreal to the family.In 1977, Nestlé continued their diversification process when they took on Alcon Laboratories, an American pharmaceutical company. Alcon was founded in Fort Worth Texas in 1945, and it specialized in creating ophthalmic products including products for contact care. Nestlé purchased the company in 1977 in a successful attempt to segue into the pharmaceutical market. Under Nestlé s watch, Alcon grew to operate in 75 countries around the world with products available in 180 countries. In 2002, Nestlé offered its stock in Alcon. In 2008, a quarter of their stock was purchased by Novartis. Novartis now owns 77% of Alcon Laboratories. Nestlé is no longer the owner of any of Alcons shares.In 1984, Nestlé made business history when it offered to pay $3 billion to acquire the Carnation Company. This was one of the biggest acquisitions by a company in the food industry. In fact, it was rumored to be the largest merger of two companies in history outside of the oil industry. Carnation was attractive to Nestlé not just because of their evaporated milk products but because they were a diverse company. Carnation was the owner of Friskies, an important and profitable line of pet food. They also owned Contadina tomato products. The deal was so large that it was subject to governmental approval, but the FTC granted permission in 1985.Nestlé s coffee history we nt back to 1940 when they worked to preserve the Brazilian governments coffee bean excess. The story took a new turn in 1986 when the company launched Nespresso. Nespresso was designed to be a high-end luxury coffee, different from the freeze-dried budget coffee that its predecessor had become. Today, Nespresso is known as the premium in portioned coffee and is represented in advertising by George Clooney. Nespresso has boutique stores around the world and has agreements with luxury hotel chains like The Ritz-Carlton and Shangri-La Hotels.TRANSFORMATION INTO A GLOBAL PLAYER Founded in 1866, Nestlé is the largest food and beverage company in the world. Initially, the company sold only infants cereal but they quickly diversified to include a variety of products including chocolate, coffee, soup, yogurt, water and frozen foods in their portfolio.The organization employs nearly a quarter of a million people from 70 different countries around the world. Nestlé operates in almost every part of the world. They have reached an impressive global audience both through their own efforts and through joint ventures with companies like Coca-Cola. Nestlé s success has been driven by a combination of product innovation and business acquisition. It is their motivation for growth and diversity that has allowed Nestlé to become the key player in nutrition that it is today. © Wikimedia CommonsIn this article, I will explore 1) the foundation of Nestlé, 2) war time, 3) inter-war hardship, 4) another war in europe, 5) recovery, 6) quiet years, and 7) transformation into a global player.FOUNDATION OF NESTLÉIn 1866, the first condensed milk factory in Europe opened in Cham, Switzerland. The company was called the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company. The factory was owned by two American men, brothers Charles and George Page. They had see the growth of condensed milk in the United States and wanted to manufacture milk near to a large, quality source. Switzerland produced a large amount of high-quality fresh milk and had been the center of production for many milk based products since the early 19th century. The business owners created their milk products in Switzerland, but it was always intended for the English market. They opened a British factory in England in 1873.Henri Nestlé, the companys founder, worked as an assistant to a local pharmacist early i n his career. He was trained in science and chemistry. Henri was an innovator by nature, and he experimented with everything from food to cement. In 1867, Henri Nestlé produced a nutritious combination of milk, wheat, and sugar. This cereal was so nutritious that it saved the life of a child. He called it Farine lactee. The product took off, and he began producing his baby food on a large scale. He started out buying the milk he needed to make the Farine lactee fresh each morning. By 1869, this method was no longer practical, and he began to purchase his milk supply from a collection center to have it delivered to his factory. Nestlé s business acumen combined with his quality products resulted in an impressive growth of his business. By 1875, only 8 years after his initial launch, Nestlé products could be found across the globe in countries like Indonesia, Argentina, Egypt and even the United States.The first Nestlé logo was created in 1868 and Henri Nestlé based it upon his f amilys coat of arms. Henri had immigrated to Switzerland from Germany. The first logo was a play on his family name, Nestlé, which means nest in the German language. The first logo included his familial origins by incorporating a nest and adding young birds being fed to link the logo to his baby food products. The logo has been reimagined and simplified over the years, but it has retained the same basic structure that Henri Nestlé developed in 1868.Throughout the last decades of the 19th century, the two Swiss companies, Nestlé and the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company had become incredibly competitive. In 1905, Nestlé merged with Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company.WAR TIMEThe First World War brought serious disruption to economies and businesses all across Europe. Switzerland remained neutral, though armed, during the First World War. Even though they did not take part in the fighting, their economy was still substantially affected by the German loss and the breakup of the Aus tro-Hungarian Empire. Switzerland suffered a severe economic crisis caused by a decrease in energy consumption during the First World War.Many industries in Europe were severely disrupted between 1914 and 1918. Even though Switzerland was not involved in the hostilities, it was difficult for Nestlé to find the goods needed to continue manufacturing as they had before. Distribution was also difficult because the entire continent was at war. Nestlé depended on fresh milk for many of its early products, and there were shortages of milk and almost every other fresh product during this period. Like many manufacturers, Nestlé sold most of their supplies in order to help support the needs of the surrounding towns and villages.Some companies, including Nestlé, were able to survive this period of economic hardship because of the large scale fighting. Nestlé acquired several government contracts that required them to expand rapidly. When the war came to an end in 1918, Nestlé had 40 fac tories across the globe.INTER-WAR HARDSHIPAlthough the global depression began in the 1930s, the period immediately after the world was a time of severe economic hardship in Central Europe. Unemployment soared in Germany, Poland and Austria while inflation reaches new levels. The economic storm had been brewing since before the war, but loss of the war only exacerbated the situation in most Central European countries.Nestlé was only one of hundreds of companies who felt the force of the economic crash in the 1920s. Despite their difficulties, they were able to make it through this period of financial hardship and short supply. They acquired Calliet, Peter, and the Kohler Swiss Chocolate company in the mid-1920s. It was at this point that chocolate became one of the central focuses of the business. The investment in chocolate would spark innovation and diversification later in the century.Much of the 1920s and 1930s were spent trying to remain afloat during difficult political and e conomic times. There was little growth or improvement until the year 1938 when Nestlé launched its first coffee product: Nescafé. The birth of Nescafé actually dated back to eight years prior when the Brazilian government offered Nestlé their surplus coffee in the hopes that they might preserve it.The Second World War was looming, and this slowed the growth of what was to become one of Nestlé s most successful products. Ironically, it was the Allied soldiers who acted as the first brand ambassadors of Nescafé. Nestlé quickly reached a worldwide market as they sent tons of their coffee to the frontlines at the behest of the United States government.ANOTHER WAR IN EUROPEBecause of Switzerlands legendary neutrality during the wars of the 20th century, Nestlé s Swiss plants were not requisitioned or repurposed by the Swiss government. This is in stark contrast to the manufacturing and production situation in most of Europe at this time.In 1939, the management of Nestlé was shif ted to the United States. Far away from the European front, Nestlé worked tirelessly to maintain the business that they had built both in Europe and around the world.Innovation did not stop during the second world war. Nestea was created by Nestlé in the year 1940. The history of tea goes back thousands of years, and the success of iced tea had been well documented since the early 19th century. Nestea was not introduced to America until 1948. For a time, Nestea was a joint venture between Coca-Cola and Nestlé, two of the biggest food and beverage manufacturers and distributors in the world.RECOVERYThe end of World War II was a period of growth and recovery across the world. As political and financial stability returned to Europe, many organizations who had been strong enough to make it through the war grew substantially.The end of the war marked a period of substantial growth for Nestlé as they began to acquire new companies and dozens of new products. One of the biggest acquisi tions made was with Maggi, another Swiss company. Maggi was founded around the same time as Nestlé in 1872 by Julius Maggi. Maggi has some of the same initial goals as Nestlé. Julius Maggi wanted to improve the nutrition of working families by bringing them meals that were protein rich while remaining inexpensive. The organization was initially established in 1897 in Singen, a German town on the northern German-Swiss border. In 1947, Maggi went under several changes in leadership and a number of instances of corporate restructuring. Eventually, the holding company responsible for Maggi, Alimentana S.A., merged with Nestlé. Nestlé began manufacturing Maggi products that were sold all over the world. In many parts of Asia, Maggi noodles are synonymous with instant noodles and the brand holds a majority share of the market. Other products include seasoning sauces, bouillon cubes, and dehydrated soups.In 1948, Nestlé introduced America to a product that would live on to become an i con in American culture: Nesquik. Nesquik is a chocolate powder that is mixed with milk to create an instant glass of chocolate milk. The brand also developed and added a strawberry flavor. The Nesquik Bunny, which first appeared in 1973, became an advertising hit among adults and children. Today, Nesquik includes two flavors and is available in both powdered form and syrup form.QUIET YEARSWith no major wars in Europe for several decades, all was quiet on the Western front. But not all was quiet in business. In 1974, Nestlé decided to make their first move outside the of the food production industry. Their target was LOreal. LOreal was founded in 1909 and was a world-renowned Parisian company with a flair for hair. The company was founded when Eugene Schueller, a French chemist, created a hair dye that become immensely popular among the hairdressers of Paris. Because of his popularity, he already had an established relationship with his target client and the press when he opened hi s doors in 1909. Between 1909 and 1974, LOreal expanded from hair dye to innovative hair care. In 1964, LOreal acquired Lancome, a prestigious name in French skincare and cosmetics that was already established throughout the world. LOreal went under a restructuring the brought the company public in 1963. Through this restructuring, Eugene Schuellers daughter, Liliane Bettencourt, kept her majority stake in the company. In 1974, Nestlé offered Bettencourt a sweet deal. They would accept half of her stock in LOreal in exchange for a 3% stake in Nestlé. Together, Nestlé and the Bettencourt family owned 60% of LOreals shares, and LOreal became the biggest cosmetics company in the world during the 1980s. In 2014, Nestlé and the family reorganized their agreement, and Nestlé sold back some of its shares in LOreal to the family.In 1977, Nestlé continued their diversification process when they took on Alcon Laboratories, an American pharmaceutical company. Alcon was founded in Fort Wo rth Texas in 1945, and it specialized in creating ophthalmic products including products for contact care. Nestlé purchased the company in 1977 in a successful attempt to segue into the pharmaceutical market. Under Nestlé s watch, Alcon grew to operate in 75 countries around the world with products available in 180 countries. In 2002, Nestlé offered its stock in Alcon. In 2008, a quarter of their stock was purchased by Novartis. Novartis now owns 77% of Alcon Laboratories. Nestlé is no longer the owner of any of Alcons shares.In 1984, Nestlé made business history when it offered to pay $3 billion to acquire the Carnation Company. This was one of the biggest acquisitions by a company in the food industry. In fact, it was rumored to be the largest merger of two companies in history outside of the oil industry. Carnation was attractive to Nestlé not just because of their evaporated milk products but because they were a diverse company. Carnation was the owner of Friskies, an impo rtant and profitable line of pet food. They also owned Contadina tomato products. The deal was so large that it was subject to governmental approval, but the FTC granted permission in 1985.Nestlé s coffee history went back to 1940 when they worked to preserve the Brazilian governments coffee bean excess. The story took a new turn in 1986 when the company launched Nespresso. Nespresso was designed to be a high-end luxury coffee, different from the freeze-dried budget coffee that its predecessor had become. Today, Nespresso is known as the premium in portioned coffee and is represented in advertising by George Clooney. Nespresso has boutique stores around the world and has agreements with luxury hotel chains like The Ritz-Carlton and Shangri-La Hotels.TRANSFORMATION INTO A GLOBAL PLAYERAfter the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, a huge amount of Europe once again became an accessible market. Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic would soon be known as emerging European markets. Chin a became more accessible during this period, as well. For a company with international ambitions, like Nestlé, this was the ideal trade situation. With new diverse markets to serve, Nestlé was presented with a unique opportunity to become an even more diverse organization.The first major acquisition during this period was in 2001 when Nestlé acquired and merged with the Ralston Purina Company. A new company in comparison, Purina created products like Friskies, which was a wildly popular brand of pet food in the United States. After the merger, a new pet food company called Nestlé Purina PetCare Company was established.Nestlé picked up the pace in 2002 when they took on two more of North Americas most successful companies. This time, the theme was frozen products, and Nestlé picked up Dreyers ice cream in July. The next month, Nestlé bought Chef America Inc, a frozen food manufacturer, for a cool $2.6 billion. The plan to take on the freezer aisle continued in 2003 when Nestlà © acquired Movenpick Ice Cream, a luxury Swiss ice cream company. The decade came to a head in a spectacular fashion when Nestlé took over both Jenny Craig and Uncle Tobys in 2006.Towards the end of the decade, Nestlé made one of its biggest-ever acquisitions when it purchased Gerber. This move was a return to Nestlé s historic roots as Gerber continues to be one of the key baby food manufacturers in the United States and Canada. Nestlé purchased the business for $5.5 billion in 2007.Nestlé has come a long way from its 19th-century Swiss-German origins in nutritious gruel to become one of the biggest production conglomerates in the world. Nestlé has carried with them their spirit of innovation and nutrition from the 19th century into the 21st century. Today, Nestlé owns more than 2,000 brands that are sold in more than 197 countries around the world. They have a clear objective to be the leader in health and wellness. The company has not limited itself to nutrition but moved into the beauty and health categories in order to create a truly diverse company.Image credit: Wikimedia Commons under the public domain.

Democracy The People, The Founders, And The Troubled...

Taming Democracy: â€Å"The People,† the Founders, and the Troubled Ending of the American Revolution is a compelling book written by acclaimed professor and American historian Terry Bouton. Bouton effectively chronicles the tumultuous history of early American democracy during the latter half of the eighteenth century by focusing on Revolutionary Pennsylvania throughout his work. Bouton offers an innovative and controversial perspective to history scholars and amateur historians by arguing that the majority of Pennsylvania’s ordinary white male citizens were disillusioned by the version of democracy that transpired from the American Revolution. Bouton further asserts that the origins of non-elitist disillusionment began in 1776 when Pennsylvania’s revolutionaries waged a successful counter revolution against the state’s non-elites in an effort to control previously supported democratic ideologies, including wealth equality and a self-governing political s ystem. Consequently, the gentry’s decision to radically refashion the Pennsylvania government and increase economic and political control throughout the state ultimately led to social upheaval and insurrections among the ordinary citizen population during the postwar decade. Taming Democracy is organized chronologically and divided into three parts. In Part I, Bouton traces the origins of the American Revolution and the rise of democratic ideologies among Pennsylvania’s socially diverse male population in the 1760s and 1770s.Show MoreRelatedThe Model Minority, By President Lyndon B. Johnson1945 Words   |  8 Pagesused the term â€Å"model minority† to describe Japanese Americans and praised them for living â€Å"generally affluent and, for the most part highly Americanized lives†. The â€Å"model minority† label expanded to describe all Asian Americans for having a perceived higher socioeconomic level and higher education. 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Wal Marts Compensation And Benefits Program - 1406 Words

High Turnover Rate Having a high turnover rate is the major effect of these challenges with Wal-Mart’s compensation and benefits program. If employees are dissatisfied with their pay they are more than likely going to find another job. People need to support themselves and their families and without proper pay it is not possible. Wal-Mart employees have been quitting left and right because they have found another company that will pay them a better and fairer wage for the same position. The high number of employees quitting due to low wages has caused Wal-Mart to have a high turnover rate. However, this is not Wal-Marts only reason for such a high turnover rate. The lack of health insurance benefits offered to employees is the main and perhaps the most important cause of high turnover rate for Wal-Mart. People need health insurance not only for themselves but for their families as well. Without health insurance Wal-Marts workers are not able to see doctors when they or their family gets sick or even for a regular checkup. Since their employees are not getting the health benefits needed they are leaving Wal-Mart to find another company that will give them the health benefits needed and for a lower out of pocket premium. Wal-Mart also teaches manufacturers to be more cost-effective so product prices can stay down. For example, Wal-Mart might suggest that a supplier cut its labor costs by shipping toasters in their cartons, rather than packing them in bigger boxes andShow MoreRelatedWalmarts Compensation Strategy: The Reason for the Companys Success Profitability and Position1768 Words   |  7 PagesWal-Marts Compensation Strategy: The success of companies in todays market place is a process that involves the way business practitioners manage its workers and the financial resources and structures. The management of employees, structures, and financial resources includes the development and establishment of effective compensation strategy. Actually, the lack of a sound compensation system has negative impacts on the companys ability to recruit and retain competent and best-qualified employeesRead MoreCompensation Management System at Walmart Supercenter: A Critical Analysis1517 Words   |  6 PagesCompensation Management for Wal-Mart Supercenter Compensation is broadly described as any payment or reward that is given to an individual for services performed. Generally, compensation is not restricted to direct or indirect financial incentives since it includes monetary and non-monetary elements. From an operational perspective, managers define compensation as the package of financial rewards that includes salaries, bonuses, wages, commissions, and insurance as well as other kinds of indirectRead MoreCase Study : Compensation And Walmart1291 Words   |  6 Pages Case Study 4: Compensation and Walmart Introduction Not too long ago, Wal-Mart was displayed in Fortune’s top 10 admired corporations. Wal-Mart’s founder, Mr. Sam Walton, built the company with the intent to please the community and the employees, and establish a strong corporation. His philosophy was based on innovative systematic strategies and approaches geared toward decision-making and improving the business. In recent years, there has been a decline in the corporation’s reputation, dueRead MoreEssay Wal-Mart1065 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: WAL-MART EXPANDS HEALTH BENEFITS Business Case 4 Human Resource Management Foundation – HRM 500 1. How well do you think Wal-Mart’s earlier, more limited health benefits supported the company’s overall business strategy? I feel Wal-Mart’s earlier, limited health benefits did not support the company’s overall business strategy because, in order for employees to want to work for a specific employer, employees must feel they are making a difference in his/her position. EmployeesRead MoreCase Study : Compensation And Wal Mart1185 Words   |  5 PagesCase #4: Compensation and Wal-Mart Introduction When most people talk about Compensation they tend to think about money and getting paid. Well they are partially correct in that you do receive something mainly money for a service someone has done. Compensation refers to money received for work, such as wages, salaries and tips, while the word benefits describes job extras provided by the employer. 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GoogleEDU, â€Å"the search engine’s two-year-old learning and leadership development program, offers classes for new managers and executives to help them adjust to the Google culture and manage Google’s staff in a professional manner. This is a formalizing learning opportunity that teaches employees what they need to know to keep productiveRead More Wal-Mart Case Study Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesWal-Mart Case Study Case Review and Recommendations As we have reviewed and studied the strategy, culture, finances and the challenges and successes at Wal-Mart, there are many strategies we see that the company must undertake to hold its dominate position and drive further growth. Herein, we define our top four. These core strategies include: rebuild and recreate its reputation in the face of recent challenges; continue to show price leadership; improve the customer experience; and driveRead MoreStrategic HR Management Case Study: HR Planning and Strategic Change for Wal-Mart6492 Words   |  26 PagesSTRATEGIC CHANGE FOR WAL-MART [pic] Bouffard, Jason Fiel, Zachary Kizil, Cevdet Pimental, Kristen Swihart, Jason Southern New Hampshire University Strategic Human Resource Management – Dr. Annette West October 29, 2006 CONTENTS I. Abstract II. Wal-Mart Employee Selection, Training, and Development III. Wal-Mart Human Resources Planning IV. Wal-Mart Performance Compensation Management V. Wal-Mart – Strategy Strategic Changes VI. Wal-Mart: A StrategicRead MoreWalmart Management1714 Words   |  7 Pages Wal-Mart Stores: Managing Diverse Organizations By Angela L. Farrish Webster University Ms. Amy Thenor December 2011 Wal-Mart In 1970, Sam Walton the founder of Wal-Mart implemented an extremely significant warehouse distribution system. This new system evolved into Wal-Mart Stores Inc. and in that same year the company was publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange. The company began to expand extremely rapidly throughout the 70’s. During this period Wal-Mart

Impact of Jet Free Essays

C IMPACT OF JET EXPERIMENT 1 Aim To find the impact force caused by a fluid jet on a horizontal plate and a hemispherical shell and compare it with the expected theoretical force. 2 Theory When a rubber ball strikes a solid surface it nicely rebounds from the solid surface. The amount of rebound would depend on the coefficient of restitution. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Jet or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, when a steady fluid jet strikes a solid surface, it does not rebound. But, a stream of fluid is formed which moves over the surface and the fluid leaves the surface tangentially. If a fluid jet is impacting a horizontal plate, at an angle ? the rate of change of momentum can be equated to the force exerted by the jet on the plate. When a vertical fluid jet strikes a horizontally positioned plate, the value of ? will be 90Â °. A control volume analysis can be performed to give the force F = ? QV, (1) where ? is the density of the water, Q is the jet flow rate and V is the velocity of the jet. For the case of a hemispherical shell when the stream of water is turned back by 180o, the force experienced by the shell will be F = 2? QV, (2) two times the force experienced by the flat plate. Experimental Set-up The set up consists of a closed cylindrical container housing the horizontal plate/hemispherical shell to receive the impact of the jet. The vertical water jet is produced by a pump forcing water through a nozzle of diameter 6mm for the flat plate and of diameter 8mm for the hemispherical set up. The flow rate through the nozzle is measured by a rotameter. The velocity of jet could be obtained by knowing the flow rate. 4 Experimental Procedure Switch on the motor and using the two gate valves control the flow rate. Place suitable weights to counter balance the impact force of the liquid jet. When the load is higher than the impact load of the jet, the jet will be blocked by the plate. When the load is low the load arm will rise up and touch the top part of the housing. Adjust the flow rate for any selected weight so that the load arm stays in the middle of the distance from the nozzle tip to the top part of the housing. Ensure that the steady flow rate is maintained and take at least six independent measurements by choosing six different flow rates that would balance the weights. Important steps 1 Allow the float to be steady before you start noting down the readings. 2 Ensure that the fluid jet nicely counter balances the weight it is carrying. Flat plate S. No. Flow Rate Q (m3/s) Velocity V (m/s) Force (Experimental) Fex (N) Force (Theoretical) Fth (N) S. No. Flow Rate Q (m3/s) Hemispherical shell Velocity V (m/s) Force (Experimental) Fex (N) Force (Theoretical) Fth (N) 5 Results and Discussion Plot the following graphs. Fex vs Fth 2. Fex/(1/2 ? V2 A) vs Re=Vd/? , where A is the area of cross section of the jet and Re is the Reynolds number of the jet 1. The graphs for the flat plate and the hemispherical shell should be plotted on the same graph. Based on these plots answer the following questions 1. Do a control volume formulation to derive (1) and (2). 2. Why is the force independent of the area of the plate/shell? 3. What is the slope of the Fex vs F th plot. What should the ideal value of this slope be? If the slope is different from the ideal value, why is it different. 4. What non dimensional number is the y axis of the second plot? What is the significance of the variation this non dimensional number that you observe from your experiments? How to cite Impact of Jet, Papers

Foundation Design - Pile Testing free essay sample

This paper describes two major types of pile tests in foundation designing in the field of engineering Pile-load test and Integrity test. The paper shows that the construction of piled foundations is a skilled operation, and calls for a high level of training and experience. Though they are not infrequent, when faults are discovered in some important piles, the consequences could be severe. This paper describes two major types of pile tests: Pile-load test and Integrity test. The integrity tests include acoustic test, and seismic test method. For each pile test, the procedure and interpretation are discussed. An actual case is investigated and pictures are presented. Acoustic test: Advantages: The system scans the pile concrete radially for a distance of approximate 100mm around the drilled hole or installed tube. The method is relatively rapid, some tens of tests being possible daily. Disadvantages: Pre-selection is generally required as it is usual to install purpose made tubes in the pile for the equipment. We will write a custom essay sample on Foundation Design Pile Testing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is necessary to employ plastic tubes for this purpose, with the attendant risk of collapse, steel tubes being unsuitable for single hole logging. The installation of the tube adds to the reinforcement steel in restricting free concrete flow and may in itself lead to defects. Poor bonding of the tube to the concrete may yield an anomalous response. Unless a hole is drilled, it is not possible to inspect right to the base of a pile by this method. Specialist interpretation is generally necessary.

Government Bailout, Who Benefits Essay Example

Government Bailout, Who Benefits? Essay The banks, on the other hand, that are receiving bailout funds have operating profits, they can borrow low and lend high, but suffer from capital requirement issues, which limits what they can lend. A capital infusion helps meet capital requirements, frees up lending and the banks can make a profit. Auto companies are not similar. Unless the auto companies can build and sell a car or truck at a gross profit(a profit neutral of debt service or taxes) it makes no sense to ball them out. They should be liquidated. The United States has been debating what to do concerning the foreclosure and banking crisis, with the answer being the consideration of a 700 billion dollar bailout. This bailout would benefit the middle class who have enough money and credit to ay a house, but give little benefit to the rich who may already own several houses, nor the lower classes, who are not typically able to afford a house. The current focus seems to be on helping only those middle-class people who made financially foolish decisions. Our nations working poor most likely cannot get access to bank loans, and must resolve on check cashing stores that loan money at over 14 percent interest. These working class and poor most likely do not have enough credit to qualify for a loan, so the bailout to the middle class will give little or no benefit to this specific group. The bailout is for the moderately rich who were careless with the use of their strong credit and ability to borrow cheaply on an almost continuous basis. According to the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Government Bailout, Who Benefits? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Government Bailout, Who Benefits? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Government Bailout, Who Benefits? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer S. Dept of labor, the number of workers In June 2008, among working class, as defined as construction and manufacturing non-farm employment was 21 ,565 thousand workers: retail trade at 1 5,324 thousand workers, leisure and hospitality 13,679 thousand workers (United States Bureau of Labor Statistics). Would such a bailout benefit these workers, when this group includes many who are struggling to simply survive in our society? The U. S. Government may be increasingly controlling of the economy. Rep. Rob Bishop, R-Utah, worries about a permanent shift of power and financial responsibility to the federal government. The bailout may simply put more power In an ever smaller number of people. Unlike the auto bailout, this bailout doesnt allow us to keep jobs or generate commerce plus, they were not adversely affected by the economic crisis. After already giving them $25 billion, they are still foreclosing on our homes, charging us loan shark rates on our credit cards, and refusing to loan money to business resulting in more lost Jobs and no commerce whatsoever. The goal of the new bailout Is to free up credit In consumer credit markets mortgages, car loans, student loans, Ana Creole car loans. I en mechanism AT console is interesting $200 billion, in a Term Asset Backed Securities Loan Facility, and $500 billion to buy Mbps (mortgage backed securities) guaranteed by Fannies Mae and Freddie Mac. The government is buying asset backed securities generated by the now notorious serialization process or structured finance. Academics and journalists argue that the serialization process so dilutes accountability that no one s responsible for taking excessive risks, meaning the borrower, the originator, the bundler, the rating company, the underwriter. So to get people to loan we are going to stimulate the serialization process, reward the serialization process, by buying securities to encourage more borrowers, originators, bundler, and underwriters. The biggest bank involved in the bailout is Citibank. Citreous Inc. Doing business as Cit, is a major American financial services company based in New York City, NY. Citreous was formed from one of the worlds largest mergers in history by imbibing the banking giant Citron and financial conglomerate Travelers Group on April 7, 1998. Citreous Inc. Has the worlds largest financial services network, spanning 107 countries with approximately 12,000 offices worldwide. The company employs approximately 358,000 staff around the world, and holds over 200 million custo mer accounts in more than 100 countries. It is the worlds largest bank by revenues as of 2008. It is a primary dealer in US Treasury securities and its stock has been a component of the DOD Jones Industrial Average since March 17, 1997. In October, Treasury bought $25 billion in preferred stock and warrants, at-the- market and equal to 10% of the value of the preferred. In November, the Treasury bought an addition $20 billion in preferred stock and warrants. The second batch of preferred stock pays an 8% dividend; the first batch pays 5% for five years and 10% thereafter. The new batch restricts dividends on common to $. 1 a share for 3 years without Treasurys consent; the old batch restricted an increase in dividends on common. All the preferred is non-voting. The biggest change comes in the control of executive compensation. The new preferred requires that any compensation plans must be submitted to and approved by the United States Government. The old preferred had open-ended compensation standards and a ban on oversized golden parachutes. Also, a government guarantee on a $306 billion pool of Agitprops mortgage-backed securities in exchange for another $7 billion in preferred, $3 billion bought by the FIDE. As of September 2008 the breakdown of the $555 billion running total of Wall Street aid to date went as follows: The Fed backstopped $30 billion of Bear Stearns risk in its sale to JUMP Chase in March, is loaning $85 billion to Alga in turn for an 80 percent equity stake, opened a $1 50 billion window for banks who could use risky mortgage securities as collateral, and extended the use of its discount window to investments banks who arent supposed to have that privilege, since theyre not regulated by the Fed. The Treasury has pledged to backstop Fannies and Freddie up to $200 billion, created an emergency $40 billion worth of T-bills to be auctioned to spot the Fed some extra cash, and is using a $50 Depression-era emergency fund to support the money market industry (Will the Government Bailout Work? , Naomi Prints, www. Mother]ones. Mom). In November, The federal government dedicated an additional $800 billion to two new loan programs. Bringing its cumulative commitment to financial rescue Annihilates to I Nils sum represents almost 60 percent of the nations estimated gross domestic product. With the size, complexity and originality of these programs its impossible to predict how much they will affect taxpayers. The money has been committed to a wide array of programs, including loans and loan guarantees, asset purchases, equity investments in financial companies, tax breaks for banks, help for struggling homeowners and a currency debilitation fund. Most of the money, about $5. 5 trillion, comes from the Federal Reserve, which as an independent entity does not need congressional approval to lend money to banks or, in unusual and exigent circumstances, to other financial institutions. To stimulate lending, the Fed said it will purchase up to $600 billion in mortgage debt issued or backed by Fannies Mae, Freddie Mac and government housing agencies. It also will lend up to $200 billion to holders of securities backed by consumer and small-business loans. All but $20 billion of that $800 billion represents ewe commitments, a Fed spokeswoman said. About $1. 1 trillion of the $8. 5 trillion is coming from the Treasury Department, including $700 billion approved by Congress in dramatic fashion under the Troubled Asset Relief Program. The goal of which is to restore liquidity and stability to the financial system of the United States. The rest of the commitments are coming from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.. And the Federal Housing Administration. Only about $3. 2 trillion of the $8. 5 trillion has been tapped so far, according to Bloomberg. And, some of it might never be. So, many ask, where is the money going? Most of the money is going into loans or loan guarantees, asset purchases or stock investments on which the government could see some return. If the economy were to miraculously recover, the taxpayer could make money. Thats not my best guess or even a likely scenario, but its not inconceivable, says Nail Shape, a professor at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. The risk/reward ratio for taxpayers varies greatly from program to program. For example, the first deal the government made when it bailed out insurance giant Alga had little risk and a lot of potential upside for taxpayers, Sh ape aid. Then it turned out the situation (at GIG) was worse than realized, and the terms were so brutal (to GIG) that we had to renegotiate. Now we have given them a lot more credit on more generous terms. Shape says the worst deal for taxpayers could be the Citreous deal. The government agreed to buy an additional $20 billion in preferred stock and absorb up to $249 billion in losses on troubled assets owned by Cit. Its hard to say how much the overall rescue attempt will add to the annual deficit or the national debt because the government accounts for each program differently states Shape. If the Treasury borrows money to finance a program, that money adds to the federal debt and must eventually be paid off, with interest, says Diane Limit Rogers, chief economist with the Concord Coalition, a nonpartisan group that aims to eliminate federal deficits. A deficit arises when the governments expenditures exceed its revenues in a particular year. Some estimate that the federal deficit will exceed $1 trillion this fiscal year as a result of the economic slowdown and efforts to revive it. The Feeds activities to shore up the financial system do not show up directly on the federal budget, although teeny can nave an Impact.

earth worms essays

earth worms essays - Prostomium - a small fleshy lobe that extends over the mouth, used to help dig through the soil - Mouth - the entrance for food into the digestive system, located under the prostomium - Pharynx - A tube at the beginning of the digestive tract that creates a sucking action to remove food particles from the soil, located just behind the mouth - Esophagus - a narrow passage in the digestive track that connects the pharynex to the crop - Crop - a temporary storage area in the digestive track , food waits here before it passes to the remainder of the digestive track - Gizzard - an area in the digestive track where strong muscles grind the food in preparation for digestion - Intestine - Nutrient digestion and absorption take place in this part if the digestive track. - Anus - Digestive wastes are expelled through this opening located on the posterior end of the worm. - Brain - a center of nerve cells that coordinate all of the activities of the worms body - Ventral nerve cord - A cord of nerves that runs the length of the body along the bottom or belly of the worm. All nerve impulses to and from the brain are carried din this cord - Aortic Arches - a group of 5 muscular tubes that pump blood through the circulatory system of the worm - Ventral blood vessels - a tube structure that carries blood from the heart to the posterior of the worm located on the bottom of the worm, - Dorsal blood vessel - gathers blood from the capillaries in the body and returns it to the heart for recircutation located in the back or top of the worm - Seminal Vesicles (openings) - male reproductive organs - Ovary (oviduct ovaries) - egg sack, female reproductive organs - Seminal Receptacles (openings) - temporary storage areas for the male sperm until the eggs are ready to be fertilized ...

HR0376 - Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

HR0376 - Leadership - Essay Example For 18 years, I have been working as a soldier in the infantry as Warrant Officer Class 2 (WO2). Based at Fort George, the Black Watch is the 3rd Battalion of the Royal Regiment of Scotland (3 SCOTS) (Army 2011). Serving the Black Watch as a Company Sergeant Major, I handle a total of 120 soldiers under my command. To become successful in each of the military mission, the Army as a group needs good leadership. Considering my role and responsibilities as Company Sergeant Major, this report will focus on applying leadership theories, principles and techniques in my chosen profession. Prior to conclusion, factors that make a good leader will be thoroughly discussed. Application of Leadership Theories, Principles and Techniques in My Profession Leadership Definition Unlike the role of managers who are managing business organizations, leadership in military is not about organizational hierarchy, top-down management, or even the use of positional or authoritative power in terms of controll ing a group of soldiers. Likewise, it is a myth that military officers within the army is all about following the chain of command since soldiers who are in the military service treat one another as members of a large family. Even though effective commanders are expected to possess command skills and practice good leadership, the true concept of leadership is not about commanding a group of soldiers who are under the control of the commanders Yukl (2002, p. 2) defined leadership as â€Å"a process whereby intentional influence is exerted by one person over other people to guide, structure, and facilitate activities and relationships in a group or organization†. On the other hand, McNamara (2008) defined leadership as â€Å"a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent†. In relation to these definitions, Taylor, Rosenbach and Rosenbach (2009, p. 1) explained that ef fective leadership â€Å"is all about getting people to work together to make things happen that might not otherwise occur or to prevent things from happening that would ordinarily take place†. It simply means that effective military leaders include those individuals who are capable not only in influencing other soldiers to strictly follow what is being commanded to them but also motivate, inspire and empower a group of soldiers as unique individuals under my guidance. Formal and Informal Leadership Training As defined by Winstanley (2005), â€Å"a team is composed of a social unit or group of people who interact and communicate with each other and are willing to exert effort to seek common goals and objectives†. As a leader, I spend time and effort trying to motivate and inspire my soldiers to become achievers and self-directed. Because of my ability to develop a strong working relationship with them, I can easily work together with my subordinates as a team each time we need to complete a mission. According to Brungardt (1997), leadership can be taught either by receiving formal or informal leadership training. In line with this, formal leadership training program or seminars can be delivered within the four-corners of a classroom or inside an auditorium whereas informal leadership training program includes each person’s decision to read a book about leadership, leadership learned from on-the-job training activities, discussing the importance

Health Care Reform Reaction Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health Care Reform Reaction - Term Paper Example Language barrier also influences delivery of health care as the inability to comprehend instructions from health care providers diminishes people’s abilities to receive preventative and curative care. Ethnic and personal beliefs also influence the delivery of health care as some people prefer home rem dies to hospital medication. Geographical factors also influence access to health care as people in rural areas encounter barriers such as poor transportation, which impede access to hospitals. Conversely, nursing practice is influenced by factors such as nurses’ work environment and advancement opportunities and legislation (Ellerbe & Regen, 2012). This paper will examine such legislation, discussing its impact on nursing practice. Health Care Reform In 2010, President Obama ratified the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). The purpose of the federal statute is to provide a regulatory overhaul of America’s health care system by enhancing access to he alth care by increasing the quality and affordability of health coverage, thereby reducing the price of health care for Americans (Ellerbe & Regen, 2012). ... These gaps are the primary deterrents to the effective delivery of health care for all in the US. With regard to access to care provision, the Act eliminates discrimination practices that hamper access to health coverage (Ridge, 2011). The Act also enhances funding for care delivery programs and locations, including nurse-managed health clinics. On the quality of care, the Act requires all care givers to ensure that their care is effective, patient-centered, safe, equitable, efficient and timely. Consequently, the Act promotes support systems aimed at the improvement of care and the work environment, for instance, by creating opportunities for enhanced nursing leadership and research (Ellerbe & Regen, 2012). The Act builds on the provisions of the Public Health Service Act, which offers federal backing for nursing development and education. On the other hand, with regard to cost of care, the Act provides for consumer protections to ensure basic health coverage to all Americans and le gal residents. Educational and Practice Consideration for Nursing The discipline of nursing must address various practice and educational consideration to keep up with the demands of the Affordable Care Act. Firstly, nursing practice should be to the full extent of training and education. This is because the core of PPACA is the provision of quality care by care givers who have sufficient training and education to meet health care service demands. In addition, it is essential for all nurses to attain higher educational levels and intense training through an enhanced educational system, which advocates flawless academic development. This means nursing professionals should enter programs such as bridge

Gun Ownership And Gun Culture In Usa Criminology Essay

Gun Ownership And Gun Culture In Usa Criminology Essay Use and ownership of guns requires strict regulation by the government to prevent any form of misuse. Policies on possession of firearms especially guns in USA differs from those of Canada. These policies dictate ownership and use of guns in the community. Statistics indicate that almost seventy five percent of US families are in possession of licensed guns. This is contrary to families in Canada who have minimal and regulated possession of guns. In Canada, strict measures are in place to control possession and use of guns in the society. Increased rate in possession of guns have got massive effects in moral, social and economical aspect of life in USA and Canada. The main reason for licensed possession of guns is for security matters. In some cases, the guns can be used for hunting expedition in the line of spirit of adventure. Therefore, policies on gun possession should be highly restrictive and directive to curb any form of misuse. This has not been the case in various states suc h as Chicago. Recently there has been an increase in crimes among the youth aged below twenty six years of age. Research has indicated that policies on gun possession have been violated in US many times, which has made teenagers, engage in violent acts such as murder. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of gun ownership and gun culture in USA as compared to Canada. Effects of gun ownership and gun culture Statistics indicate that American people have the highest ownership rate of guns worldwide. This is because of high population and liberal laws on gun ownership and culture. The increasing insecurity levels and gun privatization have seen the rate of gun possession escalate every year. There has been a debate to amend gun laws, which will result to maximum control of gun use and ownership. Majority of private gun owners are against the motion as this will interfere with their daily activities such as game hunting. Gun culture in United States has changed over time. This is because the formation of illegal gangs in various states such as Chicago has led to misuse of guns. Recent cases of shooting of school students by members of various gangs reflect the impact of guns misuse in the society. Freedom to own guns among the youth have significantly increased the occurrences of violent acts, murder and social immoralities. This is because as shown in Chicago state, member of the gangs use firearms for protection and to enhance successful drug market dominance. Violent acts arise as a result of confrontation among different gang members based on racial aspects. Blacks and Latino minority groups in US are highly affected groups. Case study conducted in various states of America indicates that poverty and illiteracy are the major contributing factors to misuse of guns. On the other hand, media outlets have been blamed for instigating violent acts through violent online video gaming and movies. The target groups are mainly the young people who lack moral guidance, thus end up experimenting and aping violent acts through shooting of innocent people. In Canada, gun ownership and culture has been under control through the registration process. The law stipulates that possession of firearms by individuals such as hand guns must be registered to facilitate effective control. It is through adoption of such gun culture that has significantly reduced negative effects of gun ownership in Canada. The government is fully committed to regulating the rate of ownership of guns to prevent the occurrence of violent acts such as murder. Canadian firearm program main objective is to facilitate effective licensing of guns to private owners through assessment process. Each private owner of gun must undertake safety education to curb misuse. In Canada, prohibitions of guns, which can be used for mass destruction, are prohibited. It is through implementation of gun control policies in Canada that have led to reduction of crime rates in various regions of the country. In addition, through possession of licensed guns and effective use of the same guns , security level has improved in Canada. Gun culture in Canada is different from that of US based on reason for the acquisition. In US, gun ownership is viewed as a symbol of prestige and power while in Canada is strictly for security and spirit of adventure. In the movie Bowling for Columbine by Michael Moore, effects of gun ownership and culture is clearly reflected in a negative way. This is because guns have been used to carry out massive murder among students. Group and isolated murder cases are on the rise in US majority of which are executed through the use of guns. The campaign for gun ownership in US has increased interests among the young people. Furthermore, drug cartels and gang formation are strengthened by acquisition of guns among the young people aged below twenty five years. The federal government has been faced with challenges of eliminating violent acts in the major streets as a result of gun ownership. Increased school dropouts and lack of parental guidance in matters of discipline have also resulted to increase in crime rate in the society. In addition, low standards of living among the minority groups have led to the creation of illegal groupings with an objective of trafficking drugs and firearms. In many parts of U S, guns are associated with power and dominance. This has led to the emergence of social immoralities such as prostitution and drug abuse. There have been culture shift in Canada in terms of gun ownership, which advocate on controlled use and registration. Crime rates have reduced over years as a result of government intervention and awareness creation on the issue. This is contrary to the culture in US as the majority of people views that it is right for each citizen to own a gun without state interference. Misuse of guns is associated with various factors such as alcoholism, drug addiction, indiscipline and violent attitude among the young people. Conclusion Statistics postulates that both Canada and USA have the highest ownership of guns. The only difference is the mode of control whereby Canada has structured program on the issue that regulate misuse and ownership of guns. Cultural differences play a significant role in control of gun ownership and use as depicted in Canada. Inadequate cooperation from the populace and the law enforcers in regulating misuse of guns has resulted to prevalence in crime and violent acts in US. To prevent such crimes, amendment of firearms policies should be conducted to incorporate massive federal control in gun ownership. Adoption of Canadian model in gun ownership and culture in US will significantly reduce violent acts among the youth.

Visual Argumentation: Gary McCoy’s Political Cartoon

The election fever has once again struck the land. Now more than ever, nationwide attention has started to zero in – quite lopsidedly in fact – on key political figures such as Barack Obama and John McCain. The two have been landing in major news headlines, as well as figuring in major media outfits as they try hard to convey their respective political programs to the public. As expected, they too – as indeed their proposed policies – have been subjected to a numberless of analyses, if not criticisms from all fronts; from television to radio shows, news magazines to dailies, as well as in various rallies and party conventions. One potent example of such analyses or criticisms is an editorial cartoon. Despite being just a single drawing about certain persons or issues, it nevertheless conveys powerful statements. For this paper, it would be wise to take Gary McCoy’s political cartoon, specifically depicting Barack Obama, as a specific example to concretely cite the case in point. Gary McCoy’s Caricature of Barack Obama It has to be firstly mentioned that the strength of an editorial cartoon lies in its ability to both convey the message hidden in the scene it portrays and engender â€Å"an opinion about someone or something prominent in the news† (Cartoon 217). But any evaluation of a political cartoon would also have to make a factual description of the piece as it is drawn – i. e. , a description of the cartoon as it appears. This entails suspending inherent biases, immediate judgments or initial impressions that one may already develop at the first sight of the cartoon. Gary McCoy’s caricature of Barack Obama portrays the politician while giving a speech. Therein, Obama’s face is visibly elongated; his forehead and chin thinly protruding. His right hand holds a microphone while his left hand is raised and points – that is, using his point finger – on to his supposed audience. Atop Obama is a speech-balloon which reads: â€Å"Random noun, miscellaneous verbs, blah, blah, Hope, Change†. Two creatures that appear to be kangaroos donned in coat and tie are portrayed talking to each other down the left corner. The creature to the right talks to his companion with the words: â€Å"This is getting easier by the minute†. While another balloon referenced to Barack’s supposed audience reads: â€Å"Cheer! Applause!! Yeaa!! Cheer!! Applause!! † The audience is depicted nowhere in the cartoon. It seems needless to argue that the cartoon is effective in conveying its message to its audience. This is because at first sight, one can already glean from the cartoon the central argument which it carries: that it is a criticism of Barack Obama in the first place, and the entire political system of the United States along the same vein. First, it is evident that McCoy makes a statement against Barack Obama. It can be specifically against his political strategy or the direction into which his campaign particularly treads. As indeed, the criticism can very well be against his innate giftedness to rouse a political audience, him being a gifted orator to say the least. â€Å"Random nouns and miscellaneous verbs† represents McCoy’s perception that Obama either has run out of new ideas to offer or does not have anything substantial to say in the very first place. In fact, the two kangaroos bolster the criticism being leveled. This is getting easier by the minute† appears to say that many people have in fact become used to, or have gotten tired of hearing Obama talk about his hope and change messages. The cartoon may very well be a statement against Obama’s credibility; for to imply that Obama’s hope and change messages – read: his main benchmarks – barely say anything is tantamount to saying that the heart and soul of his political agenda is ber eft of sense and direction altogether. Second, the cartoon is likewise effective in drawing related reactions beyond the intended Obama criticism. On the one hand, the cartoon is also a criticism of the people’s implied gullibility or perceived lack of critical thought in receiving Barack Obama. Obama, as mentioned, is a gifted speaker. And many people, it needs to be argued, are drawn to persons who can comport themselves authoritatively in public conventions and rallies. The cartoon therefore takes on how people appear unable to go beyond Obama’s charisma as a speaker. This is most notably seen in how the cartoon depicts the crowd applauding Obama’s speech, despite its implied lack of reasonable substance. McCoy therefore implies that, on account of this tendency, the general public is not able to give Obama’s message much needed second thoughts. On the other hand, it would be wise to cite that the cartoon can also be interpreted as a statement against the manner by which politics is exercised in this country. The conversation of the two kangaroos is telling – â€Å"this is getting easier by the minute† may be taken as a an unfortunate resignation over a political exercise marked by lack of substance on the part of politicians and lack of depth on the part of the voting public. If taken into this context, the cartoon may not specifically be against Barack Obama as the whole political system of the United States. Far from being offensive, the cartoon can in fact be ultimately taken as McCoy’s call to reform the exercise of politics in this country. Conclusion This paper now concludes that Gary McCoy’s political cartoon is effective in conveying its message to its audience. At the very least, the cartoon is clear in that it depicts its message without much ambiguity. In the discussions which were developed, it was learned that the cartoon is firstly a criticism against Barack Obama. As it depicts the politician’s speech as something that consists in nothing but the recurrent rhetoric on hope and change, the cartoon therefore implies that Obama either has nothing new to say or his message has no substance. But far from being offensive, it is also argued that the cartoon may be taken as McCoy’s call to reform the political practice of this country.

The Elements of Transition and Threshold Spaces

Passage infinites are those infinites that are passed through in the journey to finish, some being the finish themselves.Threshold is a starting point or point at which something begins to take consequence.Passages and thresholds are infinites or points of alteration in a journey. They define our place in relation to where we have come from and where we are traveling.The experience and impact of a passage infinite is influenced by how it is revealed and how it relates to its milieus.It is believed that we, the perceivers are in a uninterrupted duologue with the infinite we are detecting. All the elements in the infinite speak to us. The more dominant 1s tend to talk first or we can state reveal foremost. This disclosure creates interesting experience through a passage infinite, making a better sense of journey and topographic point. There are assorted ways in which infinites or elements in the infinite are revealed. â€Å"Much of the delectation of a topographic point lies in how one gets to it.†2 2 Kevin Lynch,Site Planning, 3rd erectile dysfunction. ( Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984 ) , 329.It is hence non incorrect to state that it is the creative activity of journey, the passage infinite and the disclosure of objects or elements both touchable and intangible, which generate stimulating experiences and heighten the sense of topographic point.The spacial experience of a passage infinite is a series of assorted degrees of containment and openness, shadow and visible radiation, degree alterations, frontage beat and forms and assorted other factors.The elementsPassage through infinites can besides be looked at constructing degree. We can see passage infinites in a vehicle and other on pes. So one is vehicular experience and other is prosaic experience. For a prosaic it is the finer inside informations that he experiences. He perceives all points of difference and alteration within the boundary really accurately, which he would be given to lose out while detecting from inside a v ehicle. The proportions and densenesss of edifices along the border of the streets influence the experience of the journey along the street. There may be narrow streets with tall edifices on both the sides. There are other streets with edifices on one side and unfastened countries on the other side. In both the instances the prosaic experience is rather the antonym, one gives the feeling of containment while the other gives you the feeling of openness. The feeling of openness is enhanced when it comes after the feeling of containment or frailty versa. These intangible feelings of containment and openness can be generated by many more ways. The interior decorator merely has to play with the volume of the passage infinite and the borders in order to bring forth these feelings. One must besides gain that a infinite might non be unfastened in true sense but it in relation to the infinite predating it or infinite next in row can be considered unfastened. This brings us to another facet o f a passage infinite which is they are frequently perceived in relation to infinite environing it.In order to understand passage infinites it is really of import to understand thresholds. As antecedently mentioned thresholds are like points of alteration in a journey. A door in the wall is a threshold which connects two otherwise separate infinites. Some interior decorators use different elements like little bridging elements to make thresholds. These thresholds enhance the sense of topographic point by restricting the position of what is beyond and make expectancy. Some usage thresholds to concentrate or pull attending towards a certain component in infinite. So in one topographic point thresholds are used to hide while in the other they are used to uncover.Thresholds for different edifices are designed otherwise. You will detect a toran with graven images of Gods and goddesses carved out in them in the thresholds of a Hindu temple. Whereas you will detect a corbelled arch with a w ooden door as a threshold in a house. Some thresholds are designed to stand for the position of the edifice or the street.Since clip immemorial the drama of shadow and visible radiation have been used to make a beat within the street or even inside a edifice. Shadow of the edifices, trees, vehicles parked, people and other objects create a beat. You may detect that it is at these points where people pause before traveling on to the following infinite. Just like shadow adds deepness in a 2D picture, the drama of shadow and visible radiation add life to any infinite. If the enchantment of shadow or visible radiation is big plenty to go a possible infinite so interior decorators create thresholds at the alteration from shadow to visible radiation and visible radiation to shadow.Other normally experient characteristics are stairss. They connect and separate infinites. They can make a sense of reaching. The placement of the flights of stepss influences the experience of reaching. The ste ps contained within the passage infinite defined by the edifices create a strong sense of separation.Through dividing the flight into two the tallness of the flight is less dashing and a infinite is defined by the landing. The landing becomes a passage into the confined infinite and the stairss at the terminal lead out of the infinite.Peoples are a really of import portion of the experience.Lynch, Kevin, 1967,The Image of the City, 3rd print, MA: MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England. â€Å"Moving elements in a metropolis, and in peculiar the people and their activities, are every bit of import as the stationary physical parts. We are non merely perceivers of this spectacle, but are ourselves a portion of it, on the phase with the other participants.† The sight of old people sitting and reading newspaper, kids running about or playing games, adult females speaking in the front pace and making family jobs are a common sight in societies. It is these people that add life to any infinite. A market topographic point with people is more welcoming and pleasant than one without them. This does non intend that a topographic point without people appears dead. Even without people the infinite is still alive. The place and seting propose a infinite that is used by the people who live at that place, the scooter parked in the street suggests that person is place, the stairss lifting up to a door connect the street to the upper degree. The Windowss looking over the street perforate the mass of the edifices supplying connexion between interior and outside, a sense that person could be watching. The figure of doors accessing a public infinite affects the security of the infinite. An flat block serviced by merely one entree onto the street activates the infinite every bit long as there are people utilizing the door, but when no 1 is coming or traveling a individual door offers no indicant of the figure of people utilizing it. Multiple doors indicate a larger figure of people potentially utilizing the infinite. The more doors that entree a public infinite the greater the sense that people could emerge from the door, supplying activation and security in the infinite. Nowadays people have started edifice boundary walls. They frequently have one chief gate. The infinite outside the walls is activated merely when people use that gate. You can visualize a school gate with tonss of little kids running out of the gate. The street in forepart is active merely so. A boundary wall may be supplying security to the people inside but it makes the infinite around really insecure. At times t he infinite within the boundary walls is besides non safe. An easy solution to this job of security is to increase the porousness in the walls. Many doors accessing a street work the same manner.

The Service And Terms And Conditions - 1611 Words

Terms And Conditions To better serve you and to elucidate our administration, we have drawn up an assention of our terms and conditions. Keeping in mind the end goal to utilize our administration, you should read and acknowledge the majority of the terms and states of this assention and in the Privacy Policy. On the off chance that you don t consent to be bound by the terms after you read this Agreement, you may not utilize our administration. The Service and Terms Sazze, Inc. (alluded to from this point forward as GoCouponsCodes) gives a gathering of online assets, including arranged advertisements, member promotions, a blog, a discussion and a professional reference (alluded to in the future as the Service). The Service is given by GoCouponsCodes, and is liable to the accompanying Terms of Use (Terms), which might be redesigned by GoCouponsCodes now and again. GoCouponsCodes will give notice of substantially noteworthy changes to the Terms by posting notice on the GoCouponsCodes landing page. You should be no less than 14 years old to utilize this Service. By utilizing the Service as a part of any way, you are consenting to conform to these terms. Content You comprehend that all postings, messages, content, records, pictures, photographs, video, sounds, or different materials (Content) posted on, transmitted through, or connected from the Service, are the sole duty of the individual from whom such Content began. You are altogether in charge of all Content thatShow MoreRelatedTerms And Conditions Of Service1523 Words   |  7 PagesTerms Of Service Last Updated : 31st October 2016 Please read these Terms and Conditions (â€Å"Terms†, â€Å"Terms and Conditions†) carefully before using the http://www.muusic.fm website (the â€Å"Service†) operated by Muusic.fm (â€Å"us†, â€Å"we†, or â€Å"our†). 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